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Vitalik Buterin Talks About the Future of Ethereum: POS, Layer 2, and Ecosystem Development
DappLearning Community Interview with Vitalik Buterin: POS, Layer 2, and the Future Development of Ethereum
On April 7, 2025, at the Pop-X HK Research House event held in Hong Kong, Yan, the founder of the DappLearning community, conducted a Chinese interview with Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin. Below is a summary of the main points from the interview:
Views on POS Upgrade
Vitalik believes that the prices of BTC and ETH have no direct relationship with POW and POS. He pointed out that the challenge facing Ethereum is how to convert the success of the ecosystem into the value of ETH. There is a need to support applications that can provide long-term value for ETH holders.
PBS Architecture and Centralization Concerns
Vitalik explained the advantages of the PBS (Proposer-Builder Separation) architecture and how to balance the centralization issue of Builders through validator decentralization. He emphasized that the low cost of the validation process keeps the threshold for consensus nodes still low.
The Relationship Between Layer 1 and Layer 2
Vitalik pointed out that the main issues with L2 are slow security progress and insufficient interoperability. He believes that L1 still needs to play an important role, especially for some high-value long-term DeFi applications. Ethereum is enhancing the scalability of L1 through various solutions.
Ethereum Future Upgrade Plans
Vitalik revealed that Ethereum plans to conduct the Pectra upgrade at the end of this month, followed by the Fusaka upgrade in Q3 or Q4. He also discussed how to improve the efficiency of upgrades, including enhancements in inter-team coordination and requirements for client teams.
Views on Cryptography and AI
Vitalik believes that applying cryptography is very promising, but also points out some concerns regarding the security of MPC and FHE. Regarding AI, he believes it may narrow the gap between experts and novices, providing more opportunities for more people.
Expectations for the Ethereum Ecosystem
Vitalik calls on developers to think about how to create applications that have real value and can operate sustainably. He believes that the current technological advancements provide developers with more resources and opportunities for success.
Overall, Vitalik holds an optimistic attitude towards the future development of Ethereum, while also candidly facing the current challenges. He encourages developers to continue innovating and contribute to the healthy development of the Ethereum ecosystem.